/* ============================================================
   Calculus English Vocab — "坐标纸 / 精密仪器" design system
   Light & dark themes via [data-theme] on <html>.
   Canvas / 3D scenes always render on light "paper" panels.
   ============================================================ */

:root {
  --font-display: "Space Grotesk", -apple-system, "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif;
  --font-body: -apple-system, "PingFang SC", "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif;
  --font-mono: "JetBrains Mono", "SF Mono", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;

  --bg: oklch(0.965 0.006 250);
  --surface: oklch(0.985 0.004 250);
  --surface-2: oklch(0.945 0.008 250);
  --ink: oklch(0.27 0.03 262);
  --ink-2: oklch(0.43 0.028 262);
  --ink-3: oklch(0.56 0.022 260);
  --line: oklch(0.895 0.012 252);
  --grid-line: oklch(0.91 0.014 252 / 0.55);
  --accent: oklch(0.5 0.165 262);
  --accent-strong: oklch(0.44 0.155 262);
  --accent-soft: color-mix(in oklch, var(--accent) 9%, transparent);
  --accent-line: color-mix(in oklch, var(--accent) 35%, var(--line));
  --highlight: oklch(0.7 0.14 70);
  --good: oklch(0.55 0.14 155);
  --bad: oklch(0.55 0.19 27);
  --good-soft: color-mix(in oklch, var(--good) 10%, transparent);
  --bad-soft: color-mix(in oklch, var(--bad) 10%, transparent);
  --paper: oklch(0.965 0.006 250);   /* canvas paper — constant across themes */
  --on-accent: var(--on-accent); /* text on filled accent/good/bad buttons */
  --radius: 8px;
  --nav-h: 56px;
  color-scheme: light;
}

html[data-theme="dark"] {
  --bg: oklch(0.185 0.02 266);
  --surface: oklch(0.225 0.02 266);
  --surface-2: oklch(0.265 0.022 266);
  --ink: oklch(0.92 0.012 252);
  --ink-2: oklch(0.76 0.018 256);
  --ink-3: oklch(0.62 0.02 258);
  --line: oklch(0.31 0.022 264);
  --grid-line: oklch(0.34 0.025 264 / 0.5);
  --accent: oklch(0.74 0.125 252);
  --accent-strong: oklch(0.8 0.11 252);
  --accent-soft: color-mix(in oklch, var(--accent) 14%, transparent);
  --accent-line: color-mix(in oklch, var(--accent) 40%, var(--line));
  --highlight: oklch(0.78 0.13 75);
  --good: oklch(0.72 0.14 155);
  --bad: oklch(0.68 0.17 27);
  --good-soft: color-mix(in oklch, var(--good) 16%, transparent);
  --bad-soft: color-mix(in oklch, var(--bad) 16%, transparent);
  --on-accent: oklch(0.2 0.03 262);
  color-scheme: dark;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; scroll-behavior: smooth; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  background-color: var(--bg);
  /* signature graph-paper grid */
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(var(--grid-line) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, var(--grid-line) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 28px 28px;
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.65;
  transition: background-color .3s ease, color .3s ease;
}

::selection { background: color-mix(in oklch, var(--accent) 25%, transparent); }

a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }

h1, h2, h3 { font-family: var(--font-display); letter-spacing: 0.01em; }
h1 { font-size: clamp(24px, 3.4vw, 32px); margin: 8px 0 16px; font-weight: 700; }
h2 { font-size: 19px; margin: 28px 0 10px; font-weight: 600; }
h3 { font-size: 16px; margin: 18px 0 8px; font-weight: 600; }

/* crosshair tick on section headers — the coordinate-system motif */
h2::before {
  content: "";
  display: inline-block;
  width: 14px; height: 14px;
  margin-right: 8px;
  vertical-align: -1px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(var(--accent), var(--accent)) center / 14px 1.5px no-repeat,
    linear-gradient(var(--accent), var(--accent)) center / 1.5px 14px no-repeat;
  opacity: .8;
}

.muted { color: var(--ink-3); }
.small { font-size: 13px; }

/* ---------------- nav ---------------- */
.site-nav {
  position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 50;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 2px;
  height: var(--nav-h);
  padding: 0 16px;
  background: color-mix(in oklch, var(--bg) 82%, transparent);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  overflow-x: auto; white-space: nowrap;
  transition: background-color .3s ease, border-color .3s ease;
}
.site-nav .brand {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 700; font-size: 15px;
  margin-right: 14px; color: var(--ink);
  letter-spacing: .02em;
}
.site-nav .brand .glyph { color: var(--accent); margin-right: 4px; }
.site-nav a.brand:hover { text-decoration: none; }
.site-nav a.nav-link {
  color: var(--ink-2); padding: 6px 11px; border-radius: 6px; font-size: 14px;
  transition: color .15s ease, background-color .15s ease;
}
.site-nav a.nav-link:hover { background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent-strong); text-decoration: none; }
.site-nav a.nav-link.active { color: var(--accent-strong); background: var(--accent-soft); font-weight: 600; }
.site-nav .spacer { flex: 1; }

/* ruler ticks under the nav — instrument detail */
.nav-ruler {
  position: sticky; top: var(--nav-h); z-index: 49;
  height: 7px;
  background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, var(--line) 0 1px, transparent 1px 14px);
  background-position: 0 0;
  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(#000 3px, transparent 7px);
  mask-image: linear-gradient(#000 3px, transparent 7px);
  opacity: .8;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.theme-toggle {
  flex: none;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  width: 34px; height: 34px;
  margin-left: 8px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--ink-2);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: border-color .15s ease, color .15s ease, transform .2s ease;
}
.theme-toggle:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); transform: rotate(18deg); }
.theme-toggle:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
.theme-toggle svg { width: 17px; height: 17px; }
html[data-theme="light"] .icon-moon { display: none; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .icon-sun { display: none; }

/* ---------------- layout ---------------- */
.wrap { max-width: 880px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 24px 16px 64px; }
.wrap-wide { max-width: 1100px; }

/* ---------------- hero (index) ---------------- */
.hero {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.15fr) minmax(0, .85fr);
  gap: 32px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 40px 0 28px;
}
.hero-eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin: 0 0 10px;
}
.hero h1 {
  font-size: clamp(34px, 5.6vw, 54px);
  line-height: 1.15;
  margin: 0 0 14px;
}
.hero .lede { color: var(--ink-2); font-size: 16px; max-width: 46ch; margin: 0 0 22px; }
.hero-art {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--paper);
  padding: 8px;
  transition: border-color .3s ease;
}
.hero-art svg { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; }
.hero-actions { display: flex; gap: 10px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-top: 24px; }
  .hero-art { order: -1; }
}

/* ---------------- cards & components ---------------- */
.card {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  transition: border-color .2s ease, transform .2s ease, background-color .3s ease;
}
a.card:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent-line);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.btn {
  display: inline-block;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--ink);
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: border-color .15s ease, background-color .15s ease, color .15s ease, filter .15s ease;
}
.btn:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent-strong); }
.btn:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
.btn.primary { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--on-accent); }
.btn.primary:hover { filter: brightness(1.12); color: var(--on-accent); }
.btn.good { background: var(--good); border-color: var(--good); color: var(--on-accent); }
.btn.bad { background: var(--bad); border-color: var(--bad); color: var(--on-accent); }
.btn.good:hover, .btn.bad:hover { filter: brightness(1.12); }

.tag {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  padding: 2px 8px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  color: var(--accent-strong);
  margin-right: 6px;
}

input[type="text"], input[type="search"], input[type="number"], select {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 15px;
  padding: 9px 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--ink);
  width: 100%;
  transition: border-color .15s ease, box-shadow .15s ease;
}
input:focus, select:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--accent-soft);
}
input[type="range"] { accent-color: var(--accent); }
input[type="checkbox"] { accent-color: var(--accent); }

.speak-btn {
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  background: none; cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 17px; padding: 2px 6px; border-radius: 6px;
  transition: background-color .15s ease, border-color .15s ease;
}
.speak-btn:hover { background: var(--accent-soft); border-color: var(--accent-line); }

.phonetic { color: var(--ink-3); font-size: 15px; font-family: var(--font-mono); }

.formula-block {
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  margin: 8px 0;
  overflow-x: auto;
  color: oklch(0.27 0.03 262); /* formulas always on paper */
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .formula-block { border-color: transparent; }

.example {
  border-left: 2px solid var(--accent-line);
  padding: 4px 0 4px 14px;
  margin: 10px 0;
}
.example .en { color: var(--ink); }
.example .cn { color: var(--ink-2); font-size: 14px; }

.chip-grid { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.chip {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding: 5px 14px;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  background: var(--surface);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: border-color .15s ease, color .15s ease, background-color .15s ease;
}
.chip:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent-strong); text-decoration: none; }
.chip.active { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--on-accent); }

.stat-row { display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.stat-box {
  flex: 1; min-width: 120px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 16px;
  text-align: center;
  position: relative;
  transition: border-color .2s ease;
}
.stat-box:hover { border-color: var(--accent-line); }
.stat-box .num {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 28px; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent-strong);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.stat-box .lbl { font-size: 13px; color: var(--ink-3); }

/* word list */
.word-item {
  display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 10px;
  padding: 10px 12px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: background-color .12s ease, border-color .12s ease;
}
.word-item:hover { background: var(--surface); border-color: var(--line); }
.word-item .term { font-weight: 600; min-width: 200px; font-family: var(--font-display); }
.word-item .cn { color: var(--ink-2); }
.mastery-dot { width: 8px; height: 8px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--line); flex: none; align-self: center; }
.mastery-dot.m1 { background: oklch(0.75 0.15 85); }
.mastery-dot.m2 { background: oklch(0.7 0.16 60); }
.mastery-dot.m3 { background: oklch(0.72 0.14 155); }
.mastery-dot.m4, .mastery-dot.m5 { background: var(--good); }

/* flashcards — index-card on graph paper */
.flashcard { perspective: 1200px; cursor: pointer; user-select: none; height: 300px; margin: 16px 0; }
.flashcard-inner { position: relative; width: 100%; height: 100%; transition: transform .5s cubic-bezier(.22,1,.36,1); transform-style: preserve-3d; }
.flashcard.flipped .flashcard-inner { transform: rotateY(180deg); }
.flashcard-face {
  position: absolute; inset: 0;
  backface-visibility: hidden; -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
  background-color: var(--paper);
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(var(--grid-line) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, var(--grid-line) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 24px 24px;
  color: oklch(0.27 0.03 262);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  padding: 24px; text-align: center; gap: 8px;
}
.flashcard-face.back { transform: rotateY(180deg); }
.flashcard-face .big { font-size: 30px; font-weight: 700; font-family: var(--font-display); }
.flashcard-face .muted { color: oklch(0.5 0.02 260); }
.flashcard-face .example .en { color: oklch(0.27 0.03 262); }
.flashcard-face .example .cn { color: oklch(0.45 0.02 260); }

/* quiz */
.quiz-option {
  display: block; width: 100%; text-align: left;
  margin: 8px 0; padding: 12px 16px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: var(--surface);
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  color: var(--ink);
  transition: border-color .12s ease, background-color .12s ease, transform .12s ease;
}
.quiz-option:hover:not(:disabled) { border-color: var(--accent); transform: translateX(3px); }
.quiz-option:disabled { cursor: default; }
.quiz-option.correct { border-color: var(--good); background: var(--good-soft); }
.quiz-option.wrong { border-color: var(--bad); background: var(--bad-soft); }

/* viz pages — illuminated paper panel */
.viz-stage {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 12px;
  margin: 12px 0;
  transition: background-color .3s ease, border-color .3s ease;
}
.viz-canvas {
  width: 100%; display: block;
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.viz-controls { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 14px; align-items: center; margin: 10px 0; font-size: 14px; }
.viz-controls label { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; color: var(--ink-2); }
.viz-controls input[type="range"] { width: 140px; }
.viz-controls input[type="text"], .viz-controls input[type="number"] { width: 160px; padding: 5px 9px; font-size: 14px; }
.viz-readout {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  margin-top: 8px;
  min-height: 20px;
  position: relative;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
/* corner bracket detail on readouts */
.viz-readout::before, .viz-readout::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  width: 8px; height: 8px;
  border-color: var(--accent);
  border-style: solid;
  opacity: .9;
}
.viz-readout::before { top: -1px; left: -1px; border-width: 1.5px 0 0 1.5px; }
.viz-readout::after { bottom: -1px; right: -1px; border-width: 0 1.5px 1.5px 0; }

.grid-2 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 16px; }
.grid-3 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 14px; }
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .grid-2, .grid-3 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .word-item .term { min-width: 0; }
  .word-item { flex-wrap: wrap; }
}
.cat-header { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; margin: 26px 0 6px; }
.cat-header h2 { margin: 0; }

.progress-track { height: 6px; background: var(--line); border-radius: 3px; overflow: hidden; }
.progress-fill { height: 100%; background: var(--accent); transition: width .3s ease; }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *, *::before, *::after { transition-duration: .01ms !important; animation-duration: .01ms !important; }
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
}
